Previous black-and-white systems used only luma (Y′) information. Y′UV is used in the PAL analogue color TV standard (excluding PAL-N). The closely related Y′UV model uses the luma component (Y′) – nonlinear perceptual brightness, with the prime symbols (') denoting gamma correction. It can be used to convert to and from the RGB model, and with different color spaces. The YUV model defines one luminance component (Y) meaning physical linear-space brightness, and two chrominance components, called U (blue projection) and V (red projection) respectively. Today, the term YUV is commonly used in the computer industry to describe file-formats (pixel formats) that are encoded using YCbCr. Historically, the terms YUV and Y′UV were used for a specific analog encoding of color information in television systems. It encodes a color image or video taking human perception into account, allowing reduced bandwidth for chrominance components, compared to a "direct" RGB-representation. YUV is a color model typically used as part of a color image pipeline. An image along with its Y′, U, and V components respectively
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